![]() ![]() Yet for decades academics have suggested that Engels downgraded and distorted Marx’s thought. ![]() If Engels, as he was the first to admit, stood in Marx’s shadow, he was nevertheless an intellectual and political giant in his own right. After Marx’s death in 1883, Engels prepared volumes two and three of Capital for publication from the drafts his friend had left behind. Marx wrote an introduction to Engels’s Socialism: Utopian and Scientific. They frequently read to each other passages from their works in progress. Engels read the entire manuscript of his Anti-D ühring (to which Marx contributed a chapter) to Marx before its publication. In the late 1870s, when the two scientific socialists were finally able to live in close proximity and to confer with each other every day, they would often pace up and down in Marx’s study, each on their own side of the room, boring grooves in the floor as they turned on their heels, while discussing their various ideas, plans, and projects. Few political and intellectual partnerships can rival that of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. They not only famously coauthored The Communist Manifesto in 1848, both taking part in the social revolutions of that year, but also two earlier works - The Holy Family in 1845 and The German Ideology in 1846. ![]()
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